شركات الصرافة بقرة النظام الحلوب وحسون يدعو لدعم الليرة

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تحدث مصدر محلي يعمل في قطاع الصرافة والحوالات في حلب (رفض الكشف عن هويته لدواع أمنية) لموقع تلفزيون سوريا: “تحوز شركات الشحن ومجموعات (تجار العملة) على نسبة كبيرة من أعمال القطاع وقسم كبير من هؤلاء يتبعون للميليشـ.ـيات العشائرية والإيرانية في حلب”.
وأضاف: “يتمتع قسم كبير من هؤلاء بما يشبه الحصانة، بحيث لا يمكن لأي جهة أمنية اعتـ.ـقالهم أو مصادرة أموالهم إلا إذا كان هناك تنسيق أمني مع الجهة المسلحة التي تدعمهم”.
وبين أنه في حين تهيمن شركات الصرافة والحوالات المالية الكبيرة على ما تبقى من أعمال القطاع التي يزيد عددها على 15 شركة في حلب، من أهمها، الهرم والأدهم والفؤاد ومايا وشام وزمزم والنضال والثقة والفاضل والمتحدة والديار آراك وتواصل وغيرها.
وأوضح المصدر، أن “الحملة الأمنية استـ .ـهدفت الشركات والشخصيات الأكثر نشاطاً في مجال التحويل والصرافة، وبدا أنها اعتمدت على بنك معلومات معد مسبقاً من قبل الفروع الأمنية بالتعاون مع المخبرين وأعضاء في الفرق والشعب التابعة لحزب البعث والتي تنشط بكثافة وبشكل غير مسبوق في مختلف أحياء المدينة والريف”.
وأكد المصدر حول الآثار التي خلفتها الحملة الأمنية على قطاع الصرافة والحوالات المالية في حلب، “أن الكثير من شركات التحويل ومكاتب الصرافة أوقفت عملها بشكل مؤقت إلى حين انتهاء الحملة ولذا تضررت أعداد كبيرة من العائلات التي تعتمد في معيشتها على ما يأتيها من حوالات مالية من الخارج ومن مناطق المعارضة وقسد (أبناء وأقارب)”.
بينما وضح أن ما تبقى من شركات ومكاتب عاملة فقد رفعت أجور الحوالات إلى الضعف، ويتم غالباً تسليم الحوالات بصعوبة، وعن طريق شبكة من المعارف والشخصيات الثقات، وباتباع طرق تمويه عديدة خوفاً من الملاحقة الأمنية والمخبرين”.
وزير الاقتصاد والمالية في “الحكومة المؤقتة”، الدكتور عبد الحكيم المصري، قال لموقع تلفزيون سوريا: “كنا نتوقع حدوث مثل هذه الحملات من قبل النظام على قطاع الحوالات المالية منذ أن سن النظام تشريعات وقوانين تمنع التداول بالعملات الأجنبية في العام 2020″.
وأضاف: “ولكن ظهور الحملة في حلب متعلق بالانهـ .ـيار التاريخي والسريع لليرة السورية أمام الدولار الأميركي وباقي العملات الأجنبية، يريد النظام من خلالها سرقة القطع الأجنبي المتوافر في السوق السوداء والتي تعد الأكبر في حلب، والمبررات لفعل ذلك جاهزة لدى النظام، تعامل غير مشروع”.
وأوضح الدكتور المصري، أن “السوريين في حلب وفي مختلف المحافظات التي يسيـ .ـطر عليها النظام سيقع على عاتقهم الجزء الأكبر من التأثير السلبي الذي خلقته الحملة الأمنية، إيقاف التحويلات المالية والتضييق على الشركات يعني بالضرورة زيادة في مأساة ومعاناة السوريين، لأن قسماً كبيراً منهم باتوا اليوم يعتمدون بشكل رئيسي على الحوالات المالية التي تأتيهم من الخارج لتغطية مصاريف المعيشة، فالراتب الشهري لم يعد يكفي لأسبوع واحد”.
يبدو أن الحملة الأمنية على شركات الصرافة والحوالات المالية في حلب ليست تصرفاً أمنياً خاصاً بالفروع الأمنية، بل هي أقرب إلى الحملة الرسمية المنظمة (توجه حكومي) يزعم النظام من خلاله أنه يعمل على حماية الليرة ويوقف انهـ .ـيارها المتسارع، وقد بدأ الاستعانة بشخصيات دينية مؤثرة للترويج لمزاعمه وهي أيضاً محاولة لتهدئة الشارع الغاضب.
مفتي حلب التابع للنظام، الشيخ محمود عكام، كتب في موقعه الرسمي مقالاً بعنوان “احموا الليرة يا أبناء سوريا”، جاء فيها: “هي عملة الوطن، وهي شريان اقتصاده وتوءم معاملاته التجارية والصناعية والعمل على حمايتها عمل على حماية الوطن، وهل الوطن إلا الدين والاقتصاد والتربية والاجتماع والسياسة النظيفة”.
وتابع: “أناشدكم ضمائركم يا أيها القادرون على حماية الليرة السورية مِن مسؤولين وتجار وصناعيين وسياسيين وأحزاب ومجموعات ومغتربين، ولتعلموا جميعاً أنكم مسؤولون أمام الله وأمامَ الأجيال وأمام التاريخ وأمامَ الضمير العام الذي يمثله الضعفاء والمستضعفون، وسيعلم الذين ظَلموا الليرةَ – مَن – كانوا أي منقلب ينقلبون”.
الباحث الاقتصادي يونس كريم قال لموقع تلفزيون سوريا: “إن اختيار النظام لحلب لكي يروج من خلالها لمزاعم حماية الليرة من الانهـ .ـيار يرجع إلى الثقل المالي والاقتصادي الذي تمثله في الوقت الحالي، كما أن تركز الحملة الأمنية للنظام ضد شركات التحويل والصرافة في حلب هو بسبب عدة عوامل.
من أهم هذه العوامل: وجود الدولار وبكميات كبيرة على اعتبار أن حلب نقطة الارتكاز والتواصل مع الباب ومناطق سيـ .ـطرة المعارضة السورية في ريف حلب، ومنبج الواقعة تحت سيـ .ـطرة قسد، ولذا فإن المنطقة (مثلث حلب الباب منبج) تتشكل فيما بينها أكبر التحويلات المالية والتجارية في سوريا”.
وأشار السيد عمر، إلى أن “البعض قد يعتقد بأن الملاحقات الأمنية لشركات الصرافة هي فعل أمني مستقل لا يعبر عن توجه رسمي، ولكن في الواقع هذا الأمر هو من صلب السياسات الحكومية للنظام، فالمركزي السوري يقول صراحة إنه سيلاحق من يسميهم المتلاعبين بالليرة. كما أن موقع وزارة الداخلية في حكومة النظام يصدر تقارير حول إلقاء القبض على أشخاص يتعاملون بغير الليرة السورية، ولذلك فإن هذه السياسات هي رسمية بامتياز”.
وعن أثر الملاحقة الأمنية في مستقبل الليرة السورية أوضح السيد عمر أن “الملاحقة الأمنية لشركات الصرافة في سوريا تشكل عاملاً ضاغطاً على قيمتها، فهي ستسبب زيادة في شح الدولار في السوق، بسبب ذلك ستنخفض قيمة الليرة ويرتفع الدولار، من ناحية أخرى تسبب هذه الممارسات دفع الناس إلى اتباع طرق تمويه وتخفي لتحويل الدولار.
وأضاف: “تسعى حكومة النظام لإجبار الناس على تحويل الحوالات الخارجية من خلال شركات محددة تسيـ .ـطر عليها، وهذه الشركات تعتمد سعر الصرف الرسمي 1256 ليرة، في حين يبلغ سعر الدولار الحقيقي ما يقارب 4,000 ليرة، ممّا يشكل خسارة كبيرة للناس وربحاً للنظام، فهذا الأمر في الواقع ما هو إلا سرقة لأموال الناس”.
وأكد السيد عمر، أن “معدل الفقر في سوريا بلغ مستويات قياسية وذلك بسبب تدني قيمة الليرة وسياسات النظام المالية والاقتصادية، وبسبب ذلك عمد الناس في عموم سوريا إلى أساليب متعددة لتدبر أمورهم، فمن الملاحظ انتشار مواقع على وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي في سوريا تختص ببيع المواد المستعملة.
فمعظم الناس بدأت ببيع ما تستطيع الاستـ .ـغناء عنه لتدبر أمورها، ومن المتوقع أن تستمر الليرة السورية في التدهور، وأي تحسن سيكون تحسناً مؤقتاً يعقبه انهـ .ـيار جديد، إلا إذا تم التوصل إلى حل سياسي في سوريا والذي سينعكس إيجاباً على الواقع الاقتصادي، ولكن هذا الأمر مستبعد في المدى المنظور، فعلى ما يبدو لا أفق قريباً لأي حل سياسي في سوريا”.
المصدر: تلفزيون سوريا
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